Hassan Yadgarzadeh

 Name: Hassan Yadgarzadeh

Location: Chahbahar, Iran

 

some of Hassan Yadgarzadeh's Paintings and sculpture Collection

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Shukrullah Baloch

Shukrullah Baloch, An artist born with a passion for Art. He was born in Pasni Balochistan. As he grew up in his surrounding. He started converting his thoughts and ideas about his surrounding into drawings. He used walls, beach-sand and other materials for accomplishment of his desire. soon he developed his skills.

After matriculation, he moved to Karachi for further studies. During the studies, he engaged himself in Art related activities. He started freelancing for children books, Magazine titles and other such works. later on in life he continued professionally in this field. He worked with many companies including KFC restaurant, for them he worked as an Artist.

Shukrullah Baloch, What to say about his Art. You will always notice a true love for his Nation, Culture, and Surroundings. Being a Baloch, He Knew well about life around him. So he always tried to paint his surrounding on canvas. He truly deserves more respect from his Nation.

Here we show some of his Paintings about his surrounding, culture and people. Do share them with your friends.

 

Sardar Ataullah Khan Mengal

Sardar Ataullah Khan Mengal popularly known as Sardar Ataullah Mengal, is a well known political figure of Pakistan hailing from Balochistan.He has been campaigning a nationalist and separatist movement in Pakistan for over four decades. He is the head of the Mengal tribe. He was born in 1929 in Wadh, became the first Chief Minister of Balochistan during Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's Premiership from May 1, 1972 to February 13, 1973.

In 1969 Mengal along with other Baloch friends joined the National Awami Party (Wali) of Khan Wali Khan and developed a close friendship with Wali Khan over the next decade. Elected to the provincial Assembly in what was a NAP sweep of Baluchistan he was elected Chief Minister by his party. In his short time as Chief Minister he pushed through many initiatives, in which the province's first university, medical college and board of secondary education were set up as well as the first industrial city of the province, in Hub. Despite his best efforts the NAP government was plunged into several crises which culminated with his governments dismissal. The first of which was when the Baluchistan police department, mostly officered by people from Punjab or were Punjabis. As there was a provision that employees in the federating provinces would return to their province of origin after the dissolution of the One Unit. Most of the officers insisted on leaving this was despite the fact, Sardar Ataullah Mengal as chief minister moved a resolution in the Balochistan Assembly to do away with the domicile category and suggested that those who had spent several generations in the province should be treated as locals (Rahman 2006). It was later on alleged that the officers were incited to leave through the efforts of PPP supporters and the then Chief Minister of Punjab Ghulam Mustafa Khar. Unable to exercise any effective authority Ataullah Mengal turned to the Baloch Student Organisation to assist in security. This in addition to a subsequent intra tribal conflict that broke out (which again Baloch Nationalists believe was fermented by the Interior Minister at the time), as well as the discovery of arms in the Iraqi embassy and Nawab Akbar Bugti's declaration of the London Plan and arms shipment from Iraq to dismember Pakistan by the National Awami Party was used as a pretext for the dismissal of the Baluchistan provincial government. Mengal and his colleagues, including Ghaus Bux Bizenjo and Nawab Khair Bakhsh Marri were arrested along with other NAP colleagues. It was during this time that one of Ataullah Mengal's sons, Asadullah Mengal, was killed and taken away by intelligence agencies in Karachi outside the home of the Mazari tribal chief Mir Balakh Sher Mazari.

The tribunal known as the Hyderabad tribunal was used to convict them despite it's dubious legality and now discredited work. Late Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the then prime minister of Pakistan, suppressed the insurgency in Baluchistan by using its air force and with the cooperation of the regime of the Shah of Iran. Some tribals, however, did not join the revolt and collaborated with the government in suppressing their co-tribals. Among the tribals who collaborated with the government and the Pakistani military-intelligence establishment were the Jamalis, led by the family of Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali, who was premier of Pakistan just before Shaukat Aziz.

After the ouster of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's government by General Zia-ul Haq, negotiations for the winding up of the Hyderabad tribunal and the release of all detainees was initiated leading to their eventual release in 1979. By this time a clear divide between Wali Khan and his friends Ataullah Mengal and Ghous Bux Bizenjo. Mengal and many other Baloch Nationalists increasingly believed that the Army was responsible for a brutal military operation and that they should be opposed by force, whereas Wali Khan felt more personal bitterness towards Zulfiqar Bhutto as he felt Bhutto had ordered his assassination on more than one occasion. This divide turned into a total split when Ataullah Mengal allied himself with Khair Bakhsh Marri and attempted to take over the National Democratic Party (a successor to the then banned NAP). Sardar Sherbaz Khan Mazari ,President of the National Democratic Party and a champion for the Baloch cause tried to reconcile these differences but did not succeed. When this attempt failed Ataullah Mengal left the party. He subsequently went into exile and took sanctuary in the UK, where he established contact with the authorities of the erstwhile USSR through the regime in Kabul and received financial and logistics support from Moscow.

When the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), through Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), trained and armed the Afghan mujahideen and other Islamic fundamentalist elements and used them to bleed the Soviet troops in Afghanistan, the Marris and the Mengals kept away from the anti-Soviet jihad and helped the KGB, the Soviet intelligence agency, and the KHAD, the Afghan intelligence agency, in the collection of intelligence regarding the activities of the CIA and the ISI on the Pakistani side of the border.

Sardar Ataullah Mengal returned to Balochistan in the mid-1990s, after which he formed the Balochistan National Party, which emerged as the largest political party in the province. Mengal's youngest son, Sardar Akhtar Mengal served as the Chief Minister of Balochistan in 1997, during the premiership of Nawaz Sharif.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataullah_Mengal

Zahoor Shah Hashmi

Zahoor Shah (April 21st, 1926 to March 23, 1978) was a renowned poet and writer. A few excerpts from his book of prose, Sistagien Dastunk, rendered freely in English, are reproduced below to show that he was deeply shocked to see the Baloch losing their national sovereignty.
 

My heart bleeds
To wet the barren land for my miserable people in the hope that one day these lands will turn green and there will grow red flowers. Gather the seeds of those flowers. Because these are from my blood.

After subjugation for a thousand years the Baloch is still oppressed by the merciless, He is a people who can hardly be crushed.

I am like those brave youths who have been ambushed by the enemy...

Injured by sword, they are lying hopeless in a vast desert without water...

Hungry wolves are waiting to eat their flesh after they breathe their last.

But I tell them (the enemy] not to be off guard:

Revered mothers will bear such invincible sons again...

The one whose ‘hands are red with my blood, says he is pure;

The other, like a jackal who has stolen my pouch, boasts of being a tiger,

The third that has snatched a portion of my shawl, and has an eye on my shirt, says, ‘I am your brother;

The fourth one is so courteous that I am frightful...

We (the Baloch) do not want your buildings do not set our huts on fire,

We do not require your forts; do not surround our horns;

We do not need your stores,

Do not ravage our fields,

We do not demand your ships; do not destroy our boats;

We do not desire your craft do not snatch our camels,

We do not aspire to your Armor's; do not break our arms;

Do not oppress us...

Lest you may be oppressed by a superior spirit...

We are still unarmed...

And living under the shadow of the swords. But we are not hopeless...

A day will come...

When we will be shadowing the swords. If you are not imperceptive than believe that you are desperately miserable.

Sayad Zahoor Shah, in a poem, Va Diga Suhrien Madene, expresses in a very lucid language the Balochs determi­nation to fight his way through for emancipation and freedom.

 The Baloch will crush the enemy, shedding blood and drinking it in revenge, the poem says. In Hazar Ganjien Napan Tawan Kanien, he exhorts the Baloch not to hesitate to withstand the difficulties, which may come in the way of their great objective. He reminds the Baloch of their glorious past and asks for sacrifices to secure a position of honor and respect16 In Sarjam Bothagant, he tells them that the enemy wishes their oblivion. Weakness is the last link between strength and miserable ness. Wake up and do something for your survival, he exhorts them. In Shamushkar Naban, Sayad Zahoor says he cannot forget the Baloch country; the vast barren land, its valleys, mountains and rivers, which he feels, are unforgettable. The people and their history, their bravery and courage and the hardship they suffer, can not be erased from his memory.

In an unpublished poem, Sankalan Sindien, he urges the reader to find a way to break the chains of slavery. He calls upon the Baloch to follow the footsteps of their forefathers, who resisted the enemy and never let themselves be dominated by others. Unless the enemy is defeated there will be no peace for the Baloch in their country, he says. In another poem, Gehien Shahsawaran, the poet exhorts the people to fight the enemy who has occupied his land. He is optimistic that the enemy will be defeated. The Baloch will surely carry the day. In Mangahien Baloch, the poet takes pride in the idea that the Baloch are determined to give battle to the enemy. He hopes that the Baloch will crush the enemy and avenge the wrong done to them.

Sayad Zahoor Shah Hashomi Passed away, March 23, 1978 after a long, courageous battle with illness.

Courtesy: By Jan Mahmmad

Baluchitherium

 Baluchitherium  is an extinct genus of gigantic hornless rhinoceros-like mammals of the family Hyracodontidae, endemic to Eurasia and Asia during the Eocene to Oligocene 37.2—23.030 Mya, existing for approximately 14.17 million years. It was first discovered in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan, hence the name, by Sir Clive Forster Cooper.

Chagai

Chagai

 Chagai derives its name from “Chagai” a village on the western border of the Lora Hamun.  The legend attributes the origin of the name to the numerous wells (Chahas) which are said to have formerly existed in the vicinity.

Very little is known about the ancient history of Chagai. The earliest monuments are the ruins of terraced embankments. These are found at the foot of the Ras-Koh hills; they are ascribed to the fire-worshippers, who are said to have been the inhabitants of this area more than two thousand years ago.  The next traces of ancient history are the square shaped tombs in the western areas of the district, which are attributed by the local traditions to the Kianian dynasty of Iran.

The remains of the ruined forts and karezes found in different parts of the district are assigned to the Arabs. These are also sometimes attributed to the Mughals and in any case indicate the presence of a richer civilization than is now found among the Baloch and Brahvi inhabitants of the district.

The Baloch are perhaps the oldest inhabitants of the district, who according to themselves migrated from Aleppo.  The Brahvis, about whose origin there are  different theories, must have moved towards the north from their original home in Kalat District and settled down in pockets with a major concentration in the Nushki area.  Both the Brahvi and Baloch appear to have been firmly established in the  beginning of the 16th century, as is seen from a narrative of the flight of the Mughal Emperor Hamayun along the valley of the Hilman to Seistan in 1543. From the middle to the end of the 16th century, the district remained under the rule of the Safavid dynasty.  Later it appears in history as part of the Mughal Empire and with the downfall of the Mughal power, the northern portion of the Nushki was annexed to the territories of Khan of Kalat, Mir Abdullah Khan (1716 - 1730).  In 1733 Sher Khan the Baloch, Chief of Nushki, submitted to Mir Hassan, the second son of Mir Wais and the founder of the Ghilzai dynasty.  Mir Hassan ruled the adjacent Pathan area now forming Quetta and Pishin districts, and compelled the Baloch and Brahvi tribes to tender their allegiance to.

A few years later, Nadir Shah sent an expedition against Nushki under Muhammad Ali Beg, who inflicted a severe defeat on the Baloch near Shorawak.  In 1740 Nadir Shah conferred Nushki as a fief upon the chief of Kharan. Later it was retaken by Mir Nasir Khan, the great Brahvi ruler (1750-1793) and Nushki became a Niabat of the then Kalat State and remained so for about a century.

The advent of the British in this area commenced with the British agreement of 1878 with the Khan of Kalat.  Subsequently as a result of the partial survey and definitions of the western boundary with Iran from Kuhak to Koh-i-Malik  Siah and demarcation of the Afghan Baloch boundary in 1896, the western Sanjrani (present Dalbandin sub-division and Nokkundi Tehsil) became part of Kalat State.  In November, 1896 the first British Political Agent of Chagai was appointed.  Nushki continued to be Niabat to Kalat State.  Three years later, however the Niabat of Nushki was leased by the British from the Khan on an annual rent of Rs. 9,000.  The management of the Niabat was handed over on the 1st July, 1899 to the British Government. This was done with giving all the rights and privileges, as well as full and exclusive revenue, civil and criminal jurisdiction, including all rights to levy dues and tolls.  From July, 1899 to the 13th  August, 1947 the district remained under the British Government. After independence in 1947 and after the declaration of Balochistan as a province in 1970, Chagai became a district within Quetta Division

The only features of archaeological interest in the district are the remains of ancient forts, karezes, dams and cupolas.  Their history is not known and they are ascribed by the inhabitants indiscriminately to either the Arabs or the Mughals.  In Dalbandin Tehsil there are ruins of several cupolas in the neighborhood of Padag and Zarala.

There are several well known shrines in the district.  The most important of these are the shrines of Sayyad Bala Nosh near Chagai and that of Sher Jan Agha  near Keshingi.  The other shrines are of Pir Sultan, Sheikh Hussain, Sayyad Khawaja Ahmad, etc. The Ziarat Ghaibi, Zinda Pir and Chil Ghazi situated in the Nushki Tehsil are also quite famous.

Pakistan tested its nuclear weapons on chagai in 28th may 1998.

Kharan

KHARAN

The ancient name of Kharan was Karan or Qaran. “According to the historian Istakhari, its name was Qaran after the name of the Qaran or Barfen mountains. The Koh-i-Kharan is also mentioned in Kitab-i-Masalik-o-Mumalik”.

The early history of Kharan is obscure. It is mainly a record of the fights and forays in which the chiefs and the inhabitants were continuously engaged. Being poor and barren, it did not tempt any of the conquering nations which from time to time in the 14^th century A.D. conquered other territories. It is said that the Nausherwanis were in power in the north east of Iran. Chaotic conditions were then prevailing in Iran and the ruler of that country considered them responsible for this. Accordingly they were compelled to migrate towards Sistain, bordering the present Kharan District. It is said that the first man who entered into Kharan from this tribe was Mir Abbas Khan. The Nausherwaris spread over the entire area and selected Rakhshan (present Basima) as their settlement. Prior to the entry of Nausherwanis, the Rakhshan area was dominated by the Peerakzais. Mir Abass entered into matrimonial relations with this tribe and afterwards gained control over the Peerakzais tribe. Mir Azad Khan surrendered his sovereignty to the British Government in 1884.

Tribes

All tribes residing in Kharan, except the Nausherwanis, designate themselves to outsiders as Kharani Baloch. Most of the Baloch who are indigenous inhabitants of Khanran apply the term Rakhshani to themselves. It includes the Muhammad Hasnis and is applied locally to everyone living in the plain area. The Sasolis and Samalaris of the hills consider themselves Brahvi. The Nausherwaris as a race are strong and possess handsome features. They are known for their hospitality. They are religious people. The Muhammad Hasni possess oval features, high noses and whitish complexion. The Rakhshanis can be distinguished by their hazel eyes.

Archaeological sites and historical monuments

In Kharan the (dome) Tomb of Mausolea is built of burnt bricks. Its form is that of ordinary Iranian tombs i.e a square chamber surmounted by a dome. There are numerous gimbals found scattered in the district.

Another set of remarkable archaeological remains are the “Gabarbands” or Zoroastrian dams which are found in considerable numbers at Raskoh, Gorr and Siahan ranges. They bear evidence of different physical conditions than those that are prevalent today.

The present inhabitants of Kharan attribute the erection of “Gabarbands” to the fire worshippers. These dams are terraced fields and legend says that the inhabitants who built them brought all the soil in bags which they carried on their backs from the desert to the south. These Gabarbands were built to contain the rainwater in the terraced plots and the deposition of fertile alluvium on the otherwise rocky soil. This wonderful old system is also seen at Quetta, Kalat and Karachi highway. The great archeological explorer Stain has described Gabarbands as master-pieces for conservation and utilization of rain or snow water.